In this article we’ll discuss hawks in Kansas. Due to different states having different climates and food sources for the various species, each state may have it’s own collection of hawks that live there at various times of the year. Accidental in England and Bermuda (AOU 1983).Depending on who you ask, there are up to 25 different species of hawks in the United States. In the U.S., most abundant in winter in California-western Nevada and in the farming and ranching region of the central U.S. WINTERS: southern Canada south through remainder of breeding range, also in lowlands of Central America. Rain and fog reduce flying activity and foraging time in forest birds in Puerto Rico (Santana 1988).īREEDS: western and central Alaska, central Yukon, western Mackenzie, northern Saskatchewan, northern Manitoba, central Ontario, southern Quebec, New Brunswick, Prince Edward Island, and Nova Scotia south to southeastern Alaska, Baja California, Sonora, Chihuahua, Nuevo Leon, southern Texas, Gulf Coast, and Florida, and highlands of Middle America to Costa Rica and western Panama (east to Canal Zone) in Tres Marias and Socorro islands off western Mexico and in northern Bahamas (Grand Bahama, Abaco, Andros), Greater Antilles, and northern Lesser Antilles (Saba south to Nevis) (AOU 1983). Among several hunting methods, perch-and-wait most common and yields greatest success (Palmer 1988). Rodents, lagomorphs, birds, and reptiles common in diet but also eats various other vertebrates and sometimes invertebrates as available. Often returns to same nesting area in successive years. Nests in trees to 37 m above ground, frequently high in tallest tree near edge of woods also, in treeless country, in top of shrub, cactus, or on cliff. Elevated perches are important element of habitat. Wide variety of open woodland and open country with scattered trees, rarely in denser forest (AOU 1983), but nests in forest and takes prey from forest canopy in Puerto Rico (Recher and Recher 1966, Santana 1988). Rock/Sparsely Vegetated Rock / Talus / Unknown Rock/Sparsely Vegetated Rock / Rock/Sparsely Vegetated Rock / Unknown Rock/Sparsely Vegetated Rock / Cliff / Unknown Other Unique Habitats / Estuary / Unknown Other Unique Habitats / Avalanche Track / Unknown Grassland/Shrub / Shrub - Natural / Unknown Grassland/Shrub / Sagebrush Steppe / Unknown Most migrants from north migrate no farther south than northern Mexico (Palmer 1988).Īgriculture / Pasture/Old Field / UnknownĪlpine/Tundra / Alpine Grassland / UnknownĪlpine/Tundra / Alpine/Subalpine Meadow / Unknownįorest / Conifer Forest - Moist/wet / Unknownįorest / Deciduous/Broadleaf Forest / Unknownįorest / Mixed Forest (deciduous/coniferous mix) / Unknown Migrations may be influenced by food supply. Northern populations mainly migratory (some breeders resident on or near territories all year), generally arrive in northern breeding areas in March and April (yearlings may still be migrating as late as May and June), depart by September-October (Bent 1937), may continue southward movement into December. See Palmer (1988) for discussion of interactions with other hawks and Great Horned Owl. Most forage within 3 kilometers of the nest (Kochert 1986). ![]() In a largely sedentary population in Wisconsin, mean seasonal home ranges varied as follows: fall male 390 ha (n=1), female 123 ha (n=2) winter male 157 ha (n=3), female 167 ha (n=6) spring male 163 ha (n=2), female 85 ha (n=6) summer male 117 ha (n=1), female 117 ha (n=5) (Petersen 1979). Also territorial in winter in at least some parts of the U.S. In Puerto Rico, remains paired and defends territory throughout the year (Santana 1988). km in different habitats in Puerto) (Santana 1988, Rothfels and Lein 1983). km) varies from 0.03 (Utah) to 0.78 (California) mostly less than 0.025 (but 0.2-0.6 pairs/sq. Pair bond typically lifelong, at least in nonmigratory populations and probably in migrants as well.īreeding density (pairs /sq. Successful reproduction usually does not occur before age 2 years. If clutch lost, renests usually in another nest a few weeks later. Young are tended by both parents, may leave nest at about 4 weeks, fly at about 6.5-7 weeks, depend on parents for food for at least a few weeks after fledging. ![]() Incubation lasts about 34 days per egg, mostly by female. American Ornithologists' Union, Washington, D.C. BC Conservation Data Centre: Species SummaryĪmerican Ornithologists' Union (AOU).
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